Mu isi itaboneka y’ugukuraho amavuta na gazi, ibihumbi vy’amaguru biri munsi y’ubutaka, uburyo bwo gukoresha amazi (ESP) ni bwo butuma amazi akura neza. Umugozi wihariye uhuza ibikoresho vyo ku ruhande n'iteraniro ry'ipompa y'ipompa y'ipompa y'ipompa.ESP Inkomezi ishobora gukoreshwa- ni "umurongo w'ubuzima" udasanzwe n'"umurongo w'inguvu" w'uburyo bwose. Ivyo ikora be n’ukwizigirwa kwayo bigira ingaruka zitaziguye ku bijanye n’umwimbu w’iriba, ibiciro vy’ibikorwa, n’umutekano. Iki kiganiro gishingiye ku bisabwa mu vy’ubuhinga, ingingo ngenderwako z’ubuhinga nyamukuru, ingingo ngenderwako zo guhitamwo, n’ingene twobungabunga iki gice gihambaye.
I. Inzego: Ivyagezwe vy'Ibikorwa vy'Ivyiyumviro vyinshi
Intsinga za ESP zitegerezwa gukoresha igihe kirekire- ijambo mu kibanza c'urwanko:
Ubushuhe bwinshi n’Igiharuro: Ubushuhe bwo gukoresha bushika ku rugero rwa 90 kugeza ku 150℃canke hejuru, mu gihe c’umuvuduko munini w’amazi n’amazi.
Ivyo gutera imiti: Ugushikirwa n’amazi agoye arimwo H2S, CO2, metane, amazi y’uguhingura (ubushobozi bwinshi cane), n’imiti itandukanye y’imiti.
Uburyo bwo gutera imbere: Bituma umuntu agira umubabaro, akamenagura, n’ugupfukama mu gihe co gushiramwo/gufata, hamwe n’imibabaro ikomeye mu gihe imanitse mu gihe c’uguhagarara hagati y’uguhagarara n’ugutera.
Ibarabara ry’amashanyarazi: Ategerezwa kuguma afise ubutungane bwiza cane mu gihe c’umuriro mwinshi (gushika ku kV nyinshi) n’umuriro ukomeye, urwanya corona n’ugusohoka kw’ibice.
Ivyumba vy’Ivyiyumviro: Bitegerezwa gukoreshwa mu buryo bw’ukwizigirwa mu kibanza c’imbere gihagaze hagati y’uguturika n’ugutera.
II. Imibare y'Ukwizigirwa: Uburinzi butegekanijwe, Guhingura.
Umugozi w'amashanyarazi wa ESP ni ikintu gikomeye:
1. Igikoresho: High- Ubwinshi bushizweko umugozi w’umuringa buratuma umuntu ashobora guhangana n’ibintu bike n’ubushobozi bwo gutwara ibintu vyinshi. Inyubakwa y’uruziga canke y’uruzitiro rurakoreshwa bishingiye ku nkenerwa y’ubu - Indwara y’ibintu; ubunini bugenwa n’ububasha bwa moteri n’umuriro.
2. Igikoresho co gukora: Igipande c’umurongo w’amashanyarazi gingana n’umuyagankuba ungana n’umurima w’amashanyarazi ukikuje umurongozi, bibuza imibabaro y’aho hantu ku gikoresho co gukingira.
3. Incuro y’intango: Inzitizi y’ishimikiro. Ibikoresho bisanzwe:
Igiharuro ca Ethylene Propylene (EPR/EPDM): Ivyerekana vyinshi cane - igipimo c’ubushuhe (mu bisanzwe 125℃canke hejuru), ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ikirere/ozone, ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’imiti, imiterere y’umuyagankuba, n’uguhinduranya. Ihitamwo rihambaye.
Polypropylene (PP): Igiciro c’igiciro c’ibintu bishobora guhangana n’imiti, ariko kikaba gifise ubushobozi buke ku bushuhe bwinshi (nk’akarorero, 90℃canke 104 degre).
Uburongozi bw’Impapuro + Impapuro Zisanzwe: uburyo bwo kwizigirwa cane- uburyo bwo kwizigirwa, bwiza cane ku bijanye n’inguvu nyinshi n’uguhangana na H2S, ariko buraremereye, buzimvye, kandi ntibusanzwe ubu.
4. Incungeri y’ugushiramwo: Ikindi gice c’umurongo w’ibarabara, na co nyene kingana n’umurima no kurinda ivyuma bizibira.
5. Ivyiyumviro vy’ubuhinga: Uburinzi bw’ubuhinga bukomeye.
Ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma (Strip/Wire): Itanga ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’inguvu z’imiberoshi ku nguvu z’imibereho myiza.
Igiharuro c’ivyuma vy’ivyuma: Itanga inkomezi zihambaye cane zo gukomera kugira ngo ifashe uburemere bw’imirongo n’imitwaro yo gukoresha. Ivyubatsi birimwo ibirwanisho bifatanye canke igitutu c’icuma kiryoshe gifise umugozi w’intsinga.
6. Jacket: Umurongo wa mbere w’ukwigwanira kw’inzira y’amazi, igitero c’imiti, n’ugushaza. Ikoreshwa mu mavuta-iriho, hejuru- Uburyo bwo gutera, H2S- ibikoresho bishobora kuba nk'ivyuma vyahinduwe canke nylon. Ibara- coding (kenshi ritukura, umuhondo, icatsi kibisi) rigaragaza urutonde rw'inzira.
III. Ivyiyumviro vy'ugutora: Guhuza Ivyagezwe ku bijanye n'Ivyabaye
Guhitamwo imbere y'igihe ni vyo bihambaye cane ku bijanye n'ugusaba:
1. Igipimo c’Ibarabara n’Igikoresho: Bitegerezwa gukorana n’inguvu z’umuriro n’ububasha. Guharura uburemere bw’ibintu, gufata mu buryo bw’ugucika intege kw’ubushuhe.
2. Uburebure bw’ubushuhe:** Utegerezwa kurenga ubushuhe burengeye ubw’ibindi (harimwo n’ubushuhe bw’imoteri), n’urubibi rw’umutekano. Ivyiyumviro rusangi: 90℃, 104℃, 121℃, 138℃, 150℃, 177 degre , n’ibindi.
3. Uguhuza kw’imiti:** Hitamwo ibikoresho vyo gukingira n’ibikoresho vy’ijaketi bishobora guhangana n’amazi y’iriba (H2S, umuvuduko w’igice ca CO2, ubwoko bw’amazi, imiti). Hakenewe amafoto yihariye kugira ngo umuntu ashobore gukora H2S nyinshi.
4. Ibisabwa ku rugero rw’inguvu: Hitamwo ubwoko bw’ibirwanisho (buzunguruka urutsinga, urutsinga rugororotse, urudodo) n’igipimo bishingiye ku burebure, ku gukevya, no ku mizigo yitezwe. Impinduka, irasenyutse, canke hejuru- Amariba asaba cane - ibirwanisho vy'inkomezi.
5. Ivyiyumviro vy’ikirere: Ivyemezo vy’umurongo w’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma kugira ngo ivy’ugushirwa mu ngiro bishobore gukoreshwa.
6. Ivyagezwe n’Icemezo: Hitamwo ibintu bihuye na API RP 11S5 (Ivyiyumviro vy’Ivyiyumviro vya ESP), IEEE 1017/1018, n’ibindi.
IV. Gushiramwo no kwitaho: Aho Ibisobanuro Bisobanura Kuroranirwa
Mbere n’umugozi mwiza cane urashobora kunanirwa kubera ibikorwa bibi:
Gushiramwo neza:
Koresha amaboko y’imirongo n’imirongo y’imirongo; kubungabunga umurongo w’ugupfukama hasi.
Igikoresho co gutera umugozi w’umurongo mu guteranya (ukoresheje abacungera intsinga bikwiye), kugira ngo umuntu agire uguhagarika umutima neza kugira ngo ntihagire umugozi canke umubabaro urenze urugero.
Imyimenyerezo y’ukwitwararika cane iyo uciye mu bice vy’amariba kugira ngo ntihagire uwujanjagurwa.
Kumenya neza ko iherezo ryiza ry’inyuma kugira ngo ubukonje ntibugire ubukonje.
Igerageza ryiza: Igerageza ry’imbere y’igihe-ishiramwo n’iposita - Igerageza ry’ugushinga: Ugusubirana kw’ibintu (Ivyiyumviro) n’ivyageragejwe vya DC (HiPot) kugira ngo hagenzurwe ubutungane.
Gukomeza Gukurikirana: Gukurikirana uburinganire bw’ubu n’ubushobozi bwo gukingira (niba bishoboka) mu gihe c’ugukora; ibitari vyo bishobora kwerekana ibibazo vy’intsinga vya kera.
Gufata neza mu gihe c’icumi: Gusubira inyuma ni vyinshi-; gukora neza kugira ngo ntihagire uwuvyiyumvamwo, gugora canke gufata.
Igikoresho gikonje: Amabuye y’agaciro apfutse ku bipfukisho mu kibanza gikonje kandi cumutse, kirindwa n’umuco w’izuba, ivyonona n’ibintu, n’imiti.
V. Uburyo bwiza bwo kunanirwa n'ukwikingira
Gutahura uburyo bwo kunanirwa bufasha mu kwirinda:
Incurolation Kunanirwa: Ivyiza cane. Ivyo bikaba vyibajwe n’ivyononekaye (guca mu gihe co gushiramwo), ugusaza kw’ubushuhe, kwononekara kw’umuyagankuba (igitero ca H2S, gutera ibiti vy’amazi), canke ukuva mu mugongo. Guhinduranya: Gushiramwo ibintu bikomeye, guhitamwo ibikoresho bishobora guhangana n’ibintu, kugenzura uburyo, igerageza risanzwe.
Igikoresho co gukora: Ishizweko n'irenga -, urushe, gusenyuka, canke gukora nabi. Gutera imbere: Inkomezi z’ibirwanisho zihagije, gufata neza, kwirinda gutwara birenze urugero.
Jacket Breach: Ijana n’ibirwanisho n’ivyononekaye. Bitwarwa n’ugusenyuka kw’imyobo, igitero c’imiti canke cononekaye.
Gucapura: Hitamwo ugutoboka/gukorora -kushobora gukora, gukoranya neza, isuzuma ry’iriba.
Guhuza Ukunanirwa: Igipande c’ivyuma (pothead) ku moteri/ikidodo kirashobora gushikirwa n’ingorane. Ikidodo canke ivyuma bimeneka ni ibisanzwe. **Guhindura:** Gukoresha uburyo bwo gukora ku buryo, koresha ibikoresho vyiza, igerageza ryimbitse.
VI. Ivy'ubuhinga bushasha n'ivy'imbere
Ikoranabuhanga riratera imbere kugira ngo rishike ku ngorane zitera imbere:
Ibikoresho vy’ubushuhe bwinshi: Iterambere ry’ibikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none vyashizwe ku rugero rwa degre 205 + (nk’akarorero, umusaraba mushasha - Ibara ry’umubiri, ivyuma vy’agaciro vy’agaciro).
Gushika ku mariba ya H2S: Ibikoresho vyemewe n'imiterere y'ubuzima bwagutse mu tran-.
Fiber -Ivyiyumviro vy’Imibare: Gushiramwo Uburebure bw’Ingabire (DTS) canke Insinga z’Ivyiyumviro vy’Ivyiyumviro vy’Ivyiyumviro vy’Ivyiyumviro vy’Ivyiyumviro vy’ukuri - Gukurikirana ubushuhe bw’igihe/ugunyiganyiga, gukora neza n’ibipimo.
Gupima uburemere n’uburemere bw’umuco: Kugabanya umurongo n’uburemere mu gihe biguma bikora neza ku mariba mato mato n’amariba akomeye.
Gukurikirana no Gutomora kw’Ivyiyumviro: Gukoresha ibimenyetso n’isesengura ry’amakuru ku bijanye n’ugutunganywa kw’ubuzima bw’imirongo.
Insozero: Igikorwa kimeze neza n'igikorwa ciza
Igikoresho ca ESP Power Cable gishobora gukoreshwa na ESP ni vyinshi cane kuruta umugozi woroshe. Ni igitangaza c’ubuhinga bwa none cagenewe gutsinda ibirego vy’isi yimbitse. Ivyo ikora be n’ukwizigirwa ni vyo bituma haba igitandara c’ugukora neza, gukomeza kandi ata nkomanzi. Gutahura cane ubuhinga bwavyo, uguhitamwo kwa siyansi kwahuye n’ibintu vy’iriba, no kwitwararika ibintu bitari vyo mu gihe cose intambwe yose yo gushiramwo, gukora, no kwitaho ni ngombwa kugira ngo umuntu afungure agaciro kose k’iyi “zima.” Mu gukurikirana umutekano w’inguvu, iyo nsinga ifatanya uburebure n’uburebure bwo munsi y’ubutaka ruguma ari ubutumwa - igice c’umurongo, kigatanga ububasha ku nzira y’inguvu zihambaye.